In the former Confederate capital of Richmond, white citizens are determined to retain control over their former slaves. This week white authorities resort to force and violence in order to preserve their control. Black citizens, although now legally free according to the federal government, are forced in Richmond to obtain passes to go about town,…
Today the First Baptist Church of Boston, Massachusetts celebrates its 200th anniversary history. Few Baptist churches yet existed in America when the Boston congregation was established in 1665. The main speaker is pastor Rollin Heber Neale. To the Boston’s church early records Neale turns, quoting from the very first church record, upon the founding of…
The new paradigm of Southern freedom poses a challenge for white citizens. Following two centuries of enslavement, blacks, now free, have little interest in maintaining close associations with whites. At the same time, a general lack of education, housing and jobs among freedmen ensures that relations with whites will have to continue, at least to…